The answer is in the XML Spec section 4.1:
https://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-xml-20081126/#sec-references
Well-formedness constraint: Entity Declared
...
Note that non-validating processors are not obligated to read
and process entity declarations occurring in parameter entities
or in the external subset; for such documents
I note in your example that you don't have a
standalone declaration, and so the processor is
allowed to ignore the entity reference:
<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "external.dtd">
<chapter>&badent;</chapter>
Changing your instance as follows:
<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes"?>
<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "external.dtd">
<chapter>&badent;</chapter>
... triggers an error.
I hope this helps.
. . . . . . Ken
At 2016-04-19 08:27 +0000, Andrew Campbell wrote:
>Hi everyone,
>
>Iâm experiencing something unexpected when
>transforming documents with undefined entities
>using Saxon. I asked on the Saxon mailing list,
>and Michael Kay suggested I tried asking here too.
>
>I have two XML files, one with an internal DTD
>(badent-internal.xml), one with an external DTD
>(badent-external.xml). Both of them reference an
>undefined entity (&badent;). When I parse either
>of them with xmllint, the undefined entity is reported.
>
>$ xmllint badent-internal.xml
>badent-internal.xml:4: parser error : Entity 'badent' not defined
><chapter>&badent;</chapter>
> ^
>
>When I try to transform them on the command line
>using Saxon, badent-internal.xml throws an
>error, but badent-external.xml is transformed as
>if the entity reference were not present.
>
>$ java -cp
>~/Documents/XML/SaxonHE9-6-0-7J/saxon9he.jar
>net.sf.saxon.Transform -xsl:simple.xsl -s:badent-internal.xml
>Error on line 4 column 18 of badent-internal.xml:
> SXXP0003: Error reported by XML parser: The
> entity "badent" was referenced, but not declared.
>org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; systemId:
>file:/Users/acam0006/Desktop/saxon.entity.test/missing.entity/badent-internal.xml;
>lineNumber: 4; columnNumber: 18; The entity
>"badent" was referenced, but not declared.
>
>$ java -cp
>~/Documents/XML/SaxonHE9-6-0-7J/saxon9he.jar
>net.sf.saxon.Transform -xsl:simple.xsl -s:badent-external.xml
><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><success/>
>
>I expected both files to throw the same error. What is going on?
>
>I have attached the relevant files to this email.
>
>Andrew
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